Iron-deficiency anemia, the most prevalent type of anemia, arises when the body lacks sufficient iron to produce healthy red blood cells. Symptoms may not appear in mild cases but can include fatigue, dizziness, and chest pain as the condition worsens. Causes of this deficiency range from blood loss due to gastrointestinal issues or menstruation, to poor iron absorption from various health conditions and surgeries. Furthermore, certain chronic diseases and lifestyle choices, like endurance sports, can exacerbate the problem by impairing iron absorption or increasing iron loss.

To prevent iron-deficiency anemia, it is crucial to address underlying causes and maintain a diet rich in iron and vitamin C to enhance absorption. The recommended daily iron intake varies by age, sex, and pregnancy status, generally necessitating higher intake during pregnancy and lower after middle age. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to assess hemoglobin, iron levels, and ferritin. Treatment options include oral iron supplements, intravenous iron, medications to stimulate red blood cell production, or even blood transfusions depending on the severity. If left untreated, iron-deficiency anemia can lead to severe health complications, affecting heart health and exacerbating other chronic conditions.

Reference: Iron-Deficiency Anemia. Accessed June 5, 2024. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/anemia/iron-deficiency-anemia