A study analyzing iron deficiency (ID) among 62,685 women in the US and Canada found higher ID rates in Hispanic and black women aged 25 to 54 years compared to white and Asian women. The prevalence of HFE p.C282Y and p.H63D alleles, linked to iron metabolism, was consistent among women regardless of ID status, race/ethnicity, age group, or pregnancy status. This suggests ID prevalence varies by race/ethnicity and age but is not significantly affected by these genetic factors.

Reference: Barton JC, Wiener HH, Acton RT, et al. Prevalence of iron deficiency in 62,685 women of seven race/ethnicity groups: The HEIRS Study. PLoS One. 2020 Apr 23;15(4):e0232125. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232125. PMID: 32324809; PMCID: PMC7179917.